<> Tomorrow's food holidays(s):
* 'National Potato Day'. . Also on August 19.
- From Wikipedia (Potato):
'The potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial nightshade
Solanum tuberosum. The word potato may refer either to the plant itself or
to the edible tuber. In the Andes, where the species is indigenous, there
are some other closely related cultivated potato species. Potatoes were
introduced outside the Andes region approximately four centuries ago, and
have since become an integral part of much of the world's food supply. It
is the world's fourth-largest food crop, following maize, wheat, and rice.
The green leaves and green skins of tubers exposed to the light are toxic.
Wild potato species can be found throughout the Americas from the United
States to southern Chile. The potato was originally believed to have been
domesticated independently in multiple locations, but later genetic testing
of the wide variety of cultivars and wild species proved a single origin
for potatoes in the area of present-day southern Peru and extreme
northwestern Bolivia (from a species in the Solanum brevicaule complex),
where they were domesticated approximately 7,000–10,000 years ago.
Following centuries of selective breeding, there are now over a thousand
different types of potatoes. Over 99% of the presently cultivated potatoes
worldwide descended from varieties that originated in the lowlands of
south-central Chile, which have displaced formerly popular varieties from
the Andes.
However, the local importance of the potato is variable and changing
rapidly. It remains an essential crop in Europe (especially eastern and
central Europe), where per capita production is still the highest in the
world, but the most rapid expansion over the past few decades has occurred
in southern and eastern Asia. As of 2007 China led the world in potato
production, and nearly a third of the world's potatoes were harvested in
China and India.
The potato contains vitamins and minerals, as well as an assortment of
phytochemicals, such as carotenoids and natural phenols. Chlorogenic acid
constitutes up to 90% of the potato tuber natural phenols. Others found in
potatoes are 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (crypto-chlorogenic acid),
5-O-caffeoylquinic (neo-chlorogenic acid), 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic and
3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acids. A medium-size 150 g (5.3 oz) potato with the
skin provides 27 mg of vitamin C (45% of the Daily Value (DV)), 620 mg of
potassium (18% of DV), 0.2 mg vitamin B6 (10% of DV) and trace amounts of
thiamin, riboflavin, folate, niacin, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, and zinc.
The potato is best known for its carbohydrate content (approximately 26
grams in a medium potato). The predominant form of this carbohydrate is
starch. A small but significant portion of this starch is resistant to
digestion by enzymes in the stomach and small intestine, and so reaches the
large intestine essentially intact. This resistant starch is considered to
have similar physiological effects and health benefits as fiber: It
provides bulk, offers protection against colon cancer, improves glucose
tolerance and insulin sensitivity, lowers plasma cholesterol and
triglyceride concentrations, increases satiety, and possibly even reduces
fat storage. The amount of resistant starch in potatoes depends much on
preparation methods. Cooking and then cooling potatoes significantly
increases resistant starch. For example, cooked potato starch contains
about 7% resistant starch, which increases to about 13% upon cooling.
The storage and cooking method used can significantly affect the nutrient
availability of the potato.
Potatoes are often broadly classified as high on the glycemic index (GI)
and so are often excluded from the diets of individuals trying to follow a
low-GI diet. In fact, the GI of potatoes can vary considerably depending on
type (such as red, russet, white, or King Edward), origin (where it was
grown), preparation methods (i.e., cooking method, whether it is eaten hot
or cold, whether it is mashed or cubed or consumed whole, etc.), and with
what it is consumed (i.e., the addition of various high-fat or high-protein
toppings).
In the UK, potatoes are not considered by the NHS as counting towards the
recommended daily five portions of fruit and vegetables'.
[The Hankster says] Call them Spuds, Taters, Murphies, Ground Apples, Pot Roots and any one of many other names, love 'um.
<> Other holidays / celebrations
* 'Navy Day'.
Celebrated pm the birthday of Theodore Roosevelt (once Assistant
Secretary of the Navy).
- From Wikipedia (Navy Day - United States):
'In the United States, the Navy League of the United States organized the
first Navy Day in 1922, holding it on October 27 because it was the
birthday of President Theodore Roosevelt, who was a naval enthusiast.
Although meeting with mixed reviews the first year, in 1923 over 50 major
cities participated, and the United States Navy sent a number of its ships
to various port cities for the occasion. The 1945 Navy Day was an
especially large celebration, with President Harry S. Truman reviewing the
fleet in New York Harbor.
In 1949, Louis A. Johnson, secretary of the newly created Department of
Defense, directed that the U.S. Navy's participation occur on Armed Forces
Day in May, although as a civilian organization the Navy League was not
affected by this directive, and continued to organize Navy Day celebrations
as before. In the 1970s, the birthday of the Continental Navy was found to
be October 13, 1775, and so CNO Admiral Elmo R. Zumwalt worked with the
Navy League to define October 13 as the new date of Navy Day. However, Navy
Day in the United States is still largely recognized as October 27'.
<> Awareness / Observances:
o Other:
* 'World Day for Audiovisual Heritage'. Since 2005 by UNESCO. It focuses on
the significance and preservation risks of recorded audiovisual and sound
documents.
- From Wikipedia (World Day for Audiovisual Heritage):
'The World Day for Audiovisual Heritage takes place every 27 October. This
commemorative day was chosen by UNESCO (the United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural Organization) in 2005 to raise of awareness of the
significance of and preservation risks recorded sound and audiovisual
documents (films, sound and video recordings, radio and television
programmes). Events are held in many countries, organised by national and
regional sound and film archives, broadcasters, museums and libraries, and
major audiovisual associations including the Association of Moving Image
Archivists (AMIA), International Council on Archives (ICA), International
Association of Sound and Audiovisual Archives (IASA) and International
Federation of Film Archives (FIAF)). and the International Federation of
Television Archives FIAT/IFTA www.fiatifta.org.'
<> Historical events on October 27
* 'n 1829, The first patent for a baby carriage (perambulator) was issued.
However, it wasn't until the mid 1850's that a new design by Charles
Burton, increased interest and sales.
- From Wikipedia: 'Various methods of transporting children have been used
in different cultures and times. These methods include prams, infant car
seats, portable bassinets (carrycots in British English), strollers
(pushchairs), slings, backpacks, baskets, and bicycle carriers.
The large, heavy prams (short for perambulator), which had become popular
during the Victorian era, were replaced by lighter designs during the
latter half of the 1900s.
William Kent developed an early stroller in 1733. In 1733, the Duke of
Devonshire asked Kent to build a means of transport that would carry his
children. Kent obliged by constructing a shell shaped basket on wheels that
the children could sit in. This was richly decorated and meant to be pulled
by a goat or small pony. Benjamin Potter Crandall sold baby carriages in
America in the 1830s which have been described as the first baby carriages
manufactured in America His son, Jesse Armour Crandall was issued a number
of patents for improvements and additions to the standard models. These
included adding a brake to carriages, a model which folded, designs for
parasols and an umbrella hanger. By 1840, the baby carriage became
extremely popular. Queen Victoria bought three carriages from Hitchings
Baby Store.
The carriages of those days were built of wood or wicker and held together
by expensive brass joints. These sometimes became heavily ornamented works
of art. Models were also named after royalty, Princess and Duchess being
popular names, as well as Balmoral and Windsor.
In June 1889, William H. Richardson patented his idea of the first
reversible stroller. The bassinet was designed so it could face out or in
towards the parent. He also made structural changes to the carriage. Until
then the axis did not allow each wheel to move separately, Richardson’s
design allowed this, which increased maneuverability of the carriages. As
the 1920s began, prams were now available to all families and were becoming
safer, with larger wheels, brakes, deeper prams, and lower, sturdier
frames.
In 1965, Owen Maclaren, an aeronautical engineer, worked on complaints his
daughter made about travelling from England to America with her heavy pram.
Using his knowledge of aeroplanes, Maclaren designed a stroller with an
aluminium frame and created the first true umbrella stroller. He then went
on to found Maclaren, which manufactured and sold his new design. The
design took off and soon “strollers” were easier to transport and used
everywhere.
Since the 1980s, the stroller industry has developed with new features,
safer construction and more accessories'.
* 'In 1904, The first underground New York City Subway line opens. The
system becomes the biggest in United States, and one of the biggest in
world.
- From Wikipedia: 'The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system owned
by the City of New York and leased to the New York City Transit Authority,
a subsidiary agency of the state-run Metropolitan Transportation Authority.
Opened in 1904, the New York City Subway is one of the world's oldest
public transit systems, one of the world's most used metro systems, and the
metro system with the most stations and the most trackage. It offers
service 24 hours per day and every day of the year.
The New York City Subway is the largest rapid transit system in the world
by number of stations, with 469 stations in operation (422, if stations
connected by transfers are counted as single stations). Stations are
located throughout the boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, and the
Bronx. The Staten Island Railway is not officially considered part of the
subway, as it lacks a rail link with the subway system, so passengers to
another borough take a ferry or bus. The Port Authority Trans-Hudson and
the AirTrain JFK, in Manhattan and Queens respectively, accept the subway's
MetroCard but are not part of the subway thus, free transfers are not
allowed.
The system is also one of the world's longest. Overall, the system contains
233 miles (375 km) of routes, translating into 660 miles (1,060 km) of
revenue track and a total of 846 miles (1,362 km) including non-revenue
trackage.
By annual ridership, the New York City Subway is the busiest rapid transit
rail system in the United States and in the Western world, as well as the
seventh busiest rapid transit rail system in the world the metro (subway)
systems in Beijing, Seoul, Shanghai, Moscow, Tokyo, and Guangzhou record a
higher annual ridership. In 2015, the subway delivered over 1.76 billion
rides, averaging approximately 5.7 million daily rides on weekdays and a
combined 5.9 million rides each weekend (3.3 million on Saturdays 2.7
million on Sundays). Ridership continues to increase, and on September 23,
2014, more than 6.1 million people rode the subway system, establishing the
highest single-day ridership since ridership was regularly monitored in
1985.
Alfred Ely Beach built the first demonstration for an underground transit
system in New York City in 1869 and opened it in February 1870. His Beach
Pneumatic Transit only extended 312 feet (95 m) under Broadway in Lower
Manhattan operating from Warren Street to Murray Street and exhibited his
idea for a subway propelled by pneumatic tube technology. The tunnel was
never extended for political and financial reasons, although extensions had
been planned to take the tunnel southward to The Battery and northwards
towards the Harlem River. In 1912, workers excavating for the present-day
BMT Broadway Line dug into the old Beach tunnel today, no part of this line
remains as the tunnel was completely within the limits of the present day
City Hall Station under Broadway.
The Great Blizzard of 1888 helped demonstrate the benefits of an
underground transportation system. A plan for the construction of the
subway was approved in 1894, and construction began in 1900. The first
underground line of the subway opened on October 27, 1904, almost 36 years
after the opening of the first elevated line in New York City, which became
the IRT Ninth Avenue Line. The fare was $0.05 and on the first day the
trains carried over 150,000 passengers. The oldest structure still in use
opened in 1885 as part of the BMT Lexington Avenue Line in Brooklyn and is
now part of the BMT Jamaica Line. The oldest right-of-way, which is part of
the BMT West End Line near Coney Island Creek, was in use in 1864 as a
steam railroad called the Brooklyn, Bath and Coney Island Rail Road'.
* 'In 1925, Water skis patented by Fred Waller as Akwa Skees. .
- From Wikipedia: 'Water skiing was invented in 1922 when Ralph Samuelson
used a pair of boards as skis and a clothesline as a towrope on Lake Pepin
in Lake City, Minnesota. Samuelson experimented with different positions on
the skis for several days until 2 July 1922. Samuelson discovered that
leaning backwards in the water with ski tips up and poking out of the water
at the tip was the optimal method. His brother Ben towed him and they
reached a speed of 32 kilometres per hour (20 mph). Samuelson spent 15
years performing shows and teaching water skiing to people in the United
States.
Samuelson went through several iterations of equipment in his quest to ski
on water. His first equipment consisted of barrel staves for skis. He later
tried snow skis, but finally fabricated his own design out of lumber with
bindings made of strips of leather. The ski rope was made from a long
window sash cord. Samuelson never patented any of his ski equipment.
The first patent for water skis was issued to Fred Waller, of Huntington,
NY, on 27 October 1925, for skis he developed independently and marketed as
Dolphin Akwa-Skees. Waller's skis were constructed of kiln-dried mahogany,
as were some boats at that time. Jack Andresen patented the first trick
ski, a shorter, fin-less water ski, in 1940.
In 1928 Don Ibsen developed his own water skis on the West Coast, never
having heard of Samuelson or Waller. In 1941 Don Ibsen founded The Olympic
Water Ski Club in Seattle, WA. It was the first such club in America.
Ibsen, a showman and entrepreneur, was one of the earliest manufacturers of
water skis and was a leading enthusiast and promoter of the sport. In 1983
he was inducted into the Water Ski Hall of Fame in Winterhaven, FL.
The sport of water skiing remained an obscure activity for several years
after 1922, until Samuelson performed water ski shows from Michigan to
Florida. The American Water Ski Association formally acknowledged Samuelson
in 1966 as the first recorded water skier in history. Samuelson was also
the first ski racer, slalom skier, and the first organizer of a water ski
show'.
* 'In 1947, The radio quiz show, 'You Bet Your Life' with Groucho Marx
premieres.
- From Wikipedia: 'You Bet Your Life is an American quiz show that aired on
both radio and television. The original and best-known version was hosted
by Groucho Marx of the Marx Brothers, with announcer and assistant George
Fenneman. The show debuted on ABC Radio on October 27, 1947, then moved to
CBS Radio debuting October 5, 1949 before making the transition to NBC-TV
and NBC Radio on October 4, 1950. Because of its simple format, it was
possible to broadcast the show simultaneously on radio and television. June
10, 1960 was the last episode aired in its radio broadcast format. For its
final season debuting September 22, 1960, the TV show was renamed The
Groucho Show and ran a further year.
The play of the game, however, was secondary to the interplay between
Groucho, the contestants, and occasionally Fenneman. The program was rerun
into the 1970s, and later in syndication as The Best of Groucho. As such,
it was the first game show to have its reruns syndicated'.
* 'In 1956, The song, Ain't Got No Home, by Clarence (Frogman) Henry was
released. It was his first hit. .
- From Wikipedia: 'Clarence Henry was born in New Orleans in 1937, moving
to the Algiers neighborhood in 1948. He started learning piano as a child,
with Fats Domino and Professor Longhair being his main influences. When
Henry played in talent shows, he dressed like Longhair and wore a wig with
braids on both sides. He joined Bobby Mitchell and the Toppers in 1952,
playing piano and trombone, before leaving when he graduated in 1955 to
join saxophonist Eddie Smith's band.
He used his trademark croak to improvise the song Ain't Got No Home one
night in 1955. Chess Records' A and R man Paul Gayten heard the song, and
had Henry record it in Cosimo Matassa's studio in September 1956. Initially
promoted by local DJ Poppa Stoppa, the song eventually rose to number 3 on
the national R and B chart and number 20 on the US pop chart. The gimmick
earned Henry his nickname of 'Frogman' and jump-started a career that
endures to this day.
He toured nationally with a six-piece band until 1958, and continued to
record. A cover of Bobby Charles' hit (I Don't Know Why) But I Do, and You
Always Hurt the One You Love, both from 1961, were his other big hits.
Henry opened eighteen concerts for the Beatles across the US and Canada in
1964, but his main source of income came from the Bourbon Street strip in
New Orleans, where he played for nineteen years. His name could still draw
hordes of tourists long after his hit-making days had ended. He still plays
at various conventions, including the New Orleans Jazz and Heritage
Festival'.
* 'In 1960, Ben E. King recorded his first solo songs. They were 'Spanish
Harlem' and 'Stand by Me'. .
- From Wikipedia: 'Spanish Harlem is a song released by Ben E. King in 1960
on Atco Records, written by Jerry Leiber and Phil Spector, and produced by
Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller. During a 1968 interview, Leiber credited
Stoller with the arrangement similarly, in a 2009 radio interview with
Leiber and Stoller on the Bob Edwards Weekend talk show, Jerry Leiber said
that Stoller, while uncredited, had written the key instrumental
introduction to the record. In the team's autobiography from the same year,
Hound Dog, Stoller himself remarks that he had created this fill while
doing a piano accompaniment when the song was presented to Ahmet Ertegun
and Jerry Wexler at Atlantic Records, with Spector playing guitar and
Leiber doing the vocal. Since then, I've never heard the song played
without that musical figure. I presumed my contribution was seminal to the
composition, but I also knew that Phil didn't want to share credit with
anyone but Jerry, so I kept quiet.
It was originally released as the B-side to First Taste of Love The song
was King's first hit away from The Drifters, a group he had led for several
years. With an arrangement by Stan Applebaum featuring Spanish guitar,
marimba, drum-beats, soprano saxophone, strings, and a male chorus, it
climbed the Billboard charts, eventually peaking at #15 R and B and #10
Pop. It was ranked #358 on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 Greatest Songs
of All Time. King's version was not a hit in the UK: instead, the original
A-side, First Taste of Love, that was played on Radio Luxembourg, charting
at #27. In 1987, after Stand By Me made #1, the song was re-released and
charted at #92'.
- From Wikipedia: 'Stand by Me is a song originally performed by American
singer-songwriter Ben E. King, written by King, Jerry Leiber and Mike
Stoller. According to King, the song title is derived and was inspired by a
spiritual composition by Sam Cooke called Stand by Me Father (although Mike
Stoller has stated differently). This spiritual was sung by The Soul
Stirrers with Johnnie Taylor singing lead. The third line of the second
verse of Stand by Me derives from Psalms 46:2c. There have been over 400
recorded versions of Stand by Me performed by many artists. The song has
been featured on the soundtrack of the 1986 film Stand by Me.
In 2012 it was estimated that the song's royalties had topped £17 million,
making it the sixth highest earning song as of that time. 50% of the
royalties were paid to King.
In 2015, King's original version was inducted into the National Recording
Registry by the Library of Congress for being culturally, historically, or
aesthetically significant, just under five weeks before King's death. Later
in the year the 2015 line up of The Drifters covered the song in tribute to
King'.
* 'In 1961, NASA tests the first Saturn I rocket in Mission Saturn-Apollo
1. It was the later Saturn V that powered the Apollo moon missions'.
- From Wikipedia: 'The Saturn I (pronounced Saturn one) was the United
States' first heavy-lift dedicated space launcher, a rocket designed
specifically to launch large payloads into low Earth orbit. Most of the
rocket's power came from a clustered lower stage consisting of tanks taken
from older rocket designs strapped together to make a single large booster,
leading critics to jokingly refer to it as Cluster's Last Stand However,
its design proved sound and very flexible. Its major successes were
launching the Pegasus satellites and flight verification of the Apollo
Command and Service Module aerodynamics in the launch phase. Originally
intended as a near-universal military booster during the 1960s, it served
only for a brief period and only with NASA ten Saturn I rockets were flown
before it was replaced by the derivative Saturn IB, which featured a more
powerful upper stage and improved instrumentation.
President John F. Kennedy identified the Saturn I, and the SA-5 launch in
particular, as being the point where US lift capability would surpass the
Soviets, after being behind since Sputnik'.
* 'In 1962, Major Rudolf Anderson of the United States Air Force becomes
the only direct human casualty of the Cuban Missile Crisis when his U-2
reconnaissance airplane is shot down in Cuba by a Soviet-supplied SA-2
Guideline surface-to-air missile. .
- From Wikipedia: 'Rudolf Anderson, Jr. (September 15, 1927 – October 27,
1962), was a pilot and commissioned officer in the United States Air Force
and the first recipient of the Air Force Cross, the U.S. Air Force's
second-highest award for heroism. The only person killed by enemy fire
during the Cuban Missile Crisis, Anderson died when his U-2 spy aircraft
was shot down over Cuba'.
No. 1 song
Top movie
Monthly holiday / awareness days in October
Food
American Cheese Month
Apple Month
Corn Month
Go Hog Wild - Eat Country Ham
National Bake and Decorate Month
National Caramel Month
National Cookbook Month
National Popcorn Poppin' Month
National Pork Month
Pizza Month
Sausage Month
Spinach Lovers Month
Vegetarian Month
Health
AIDS Awareness Month
American Pharmacists Month
Antidepressant Death Awareness Month
Breast Cancer Awareness Month
Bullying Prevention Month
World Blindness Awareness Month
Caffeine Addiction Recovery Month
Celiac Disease Awareness Month
Christmas Seal Campaign
Domestic Violence Awareness Month
Down Syndrome Awareness Month
Dyslexia Awareness Month
Emotional Intelligence Awareness Month
Emotional Wellness Month
Eye Injury Prevention Month
Global ADHD Awareness Month
Global Diversity Awareness Month
Health Literacy Month
Home Eye Safety Month
Long Term Care Planning Month
National AIDS Awareness Month
National Audiology/Protect Your Hearing Month
National Critical Illness Awareness Month
National Bullying Prevention Awareness Month
National Dental Hygiene Month
National Disability Employment Awareness Month
National Depression Education and Awareness Month
National Disability Employment Awareness Month
National Domestic Violence Awareness Month
National Down Syndrome Month
National Liver Awareness Month
National Medical Librarian Month
National Medicine Abuse Awareness Month
National Orthodontic Health Month
National Physical Therapy Month
National Protect Your Hearing Month
National Pregnancy and Infant Loss Awareness Month
National Spina Bifida Awareness Month
National Stop Bullying Month
National Substance Abuse Prevention Month
Rett Syndrome Awareness Month
Organize Your Medical Information Month
Talk About Prescriptions Month
World Menopause Month
Animal and Pet
Adopt A Dog Month
Adopt A Shelter Dog Month
Bat Appreciation Month
National Animal Safety and Protection Month
Wishbones for Pets Month
Other
Celebrating The Bilingual Child Month
Children's Magazine Month
Class Reunion Month
Country Music Month
Employee Ownership Month
Energy Management is a Family Affair
Fair Trade Month
Financial Planning Month
German-American Heritage Month
Halloween Safety Month
Head Start Awareness Month
Italian-American Heritage Month
International Strategic Planning Month
International Walk To School Month
Intergeneration Month
Learn To Bowl Month
National Arts and Humanities Month
National Chili Month
National Crime Prevention Month
National Cyber Security Awareness Month
National Ergonomics Month
National Field Trip Month
National Kitchen and Bath Month
National Reading Group Month
National Roller Skating Month
National Stamp Collecting Month
National Work and Family Month
Photographer Appreciation Month
Polish American Heritage Month
Self-Promotion Month
October is:
October origin (from Wikipedia): October is the tenth month of the year
in the Julian and Gregorian Calendars and one of seven months with a
length of 31 days. The eighth month in the old Roman calendar, October
retained its name (from the Greek meaning 'eight') after January
and February were inserted into the calendar that had originally been
created by the Romans.
"
October is commonly associated with the season of autumn in the Northern
hemisphere and spring in the Southern hemisphere, where it is the seasonal
equivalent to April in the Northern hemisphere and vice versa.
October at Wikipedia: More
If you couldn't afford 90 cents for a movie ticket, 50 years ago,
or your 45 RPM record player was broke, you might watch one of these shows on TV.
From this Wikipedia article: More
Best selling books of 1966 More
Sites for downloading or reading free Public Domain eBooks. Available in various formats. More