<> Tomorrow's food holidays(s):
* 'National Ice Cream Sandwich Day'.
- From Wikipedia (Ice cream sandwich):
'An ice cream sandwich is a frozen dessert consisting of ice cream between
two wafers, cookies, or other similar biscuit.
In North America, an ice cream sandwich is a slice of ice cream, usually
vanilla although other flavors are sometimes used, sandwiched between two
wafers, usually chocolate and rectangular. This was originally created and
patented by Jack Delaney, Tim Jones, John Defilippis and Sam West in 1963.
Pictures from the Jersey Shore circa 1905 On the beach, Atlantic City, show
ice cream sandwiches were popular at 1¢ each. A Chipwich, where ice cream
(usually vanilla) is sandwiched between two chocolate chip cookies, is also
popular'. .
[The Hankster says] Ice cream you can eat on the run. Great.
<> Other holidays / celebrations
* 'National Coloring Book Day'.
They are for all ages. Conduct a coloring book party.
[The Hankster says] Great fun, if it wasn't for staying in the lines.
* 'American Family Day'.
- From Wikipedia (American Family Day):
'American Family Day is the 14th state-recognized holiday in Arizona, Title
1-301. American Family Day, much like Mothers Day or Father's Day is a
non-paid holiday established as a separate day to appreciate family members
by spending time with them. Families are discouraged from buying gifts or
other material items.
Arizona resident, John Makkai, is credited with pushing the holiday through
the Arizona legislation. American Family Day began as a 1-year
proclamation, signed by then Governor Raúl Héctor Castro, declaring August
7, 1977 American Family Day. The following year, American Family Day was
signed into law as an official Arizona holiday by Governor Bruce Babbitt.
The holiday also caught on in several other states, including North
Carolina and Georgia.
From the Georgia Department of Education Parent Engagement Program,
American Family Day- this day brings families together to share their love
and appreciation of one another.
Note: Not to be confused with the commercial company, American Family
Holiday, which popularized on the American Family Day holiday name'.
[The Hankster says] Take time to enjoy it, no matter where you live.
* 'National Night Out Day'.
First Tuesday in August. Since 1984, by National Association of town Watch
in the United States and Canada.
- From Wikipedia (National Night Out):
'National Night Out is a community-police awareness-raising event in the
United States, held the first Tuesday of August. Texas and Florida have the
option to use the alternate date of the first Tuesday in October to avoid
hot weather.
The event has been held annually since 1984 and is sponsored by the
National Association of Town Watch in the United States and Canada.
The event is meant to increase awareness about police programs in
communities, such as drug prevention, town watch, neighborhood watch, and
other anti-crime efforts.
The events are typically organized by block watches, non-for-profit
organizations, companies, and police departments. These events can be as
simple as backyard cookouts to full-blown festivals like the one on the
west side of Columbus, Ohio. The Ogden Block Watch in Columbus organizes
one of the largest of this type of National Night Out festival which
includes live music, food, and entertainment'.
<> Awareness / Observances:
<> Historical events on August 2
* 'In 1776, The United States Declaration of Independence, adopted on July
4 1776, was signed by members of Congress. . Timeline June 7, 1776 - Lee
Resolution delivered by Richard Henry Lee, June 11, 1776 - Committee of
Five Appointed to state the colonies case. June 11 - July 1, 1776 -
Declaration of Independence Drafted, July 2, 1776 - Lee Resolution Adopted
and Consideration of Declaration, July 4, 1776 - Declaration of
Independence Adopted and Printed, July 5, 1776 - Copies of the Declaration
Dispatched throughout the Colonies, August 2, 1776 - Declaration Signed.
- From Wikipedia: 'On August 2, 1776, a parchment paper copy of the
Declaration was signed by 56 persons. Many of these signers were not
present when the original Declaration was adopted on July 4. One signer,
Matthew Thornton from New Hampshire, who was seated in the Continental
Congress in November, asked for and received the privilege of adding his
signature at that time, and signed on November 4, 1776.
Historians have generally accepted McKean's version of events, arguing that
the famous signed version of the Declaration was created after July 19, and
was not signed by Congress until August 2, 1776. In 1986, legal historian
Wilfred Ritz argued that historians had misunderstood the primary documents
and given too much credence to McKean, who had not been present in Congress
on July 4. According to Ritz, about thirty-four delegates signed the
Declaration on July 4, and the others signed on or after August 2.
Historians who reject a July 4 signing maintain that most delegates signed
on August 2, and that those eventual signers who were not present added
their names later. Two future U.S. presidents, Thomas Jefferson and John
Adams, were among the signatories.
Various legends about the signing of the Declaration emerged years later,
when the document had become an important national symbol. In one famous
story, John Hancock supposedly said that Congress, having signed the
Declaration, must now all hang together, and Benjamin Franklin replied:
Yes, we must indeed all hang together, or most assuredly we shall all hang
separately. The quotation did not appear in print until more than fifty
years after Franklin's death.
The Syng inkstand, used at the signing, was also used at the signing of the
United States Constitution in 1787'.
* 'In 1790, The first United States Census is conducted. The population
count obtained for August 2, 1790 was 3,929,326. The population count
obtained for July 2, 1790 was 62,947,714. The population count obtained for
April 1 1990 was 248,709,873. The population count obtained for April 1
2010 was 248,709,873. .
- From Wikipedia: 'The United States Census is a decennial census mandated
by Article I, Section 2 of the United States Constitution, which states:
Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several
States ... according to their respective Numbers ... . The actual
Enumeration shall be made within three Years after the first Meeting of the
Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent Term of ten
Years. The United States Census Bureau (officially the Bureau of the
Census, as defined in Title 13 U.S.C. § 11) is responsible for the United
States Census.
The first census after the American Revolution was taken in 1790, under
Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson there have been 22 federal censuses
since that time. The current national census was held in 2010 the next
census is scheduled for 2020 and will be largely conducted using the
Internet. For years between the decennial censuses, the Census Bureau
issues estimates made using surveys and statistical models, in particular,
the American Community Survey.
Title 13 of the United States Code governs how the Census is conducted and
how its data is handled. Information is confidential as per 13 U.S.C. § 9 .
Refusing or neglecting to answer the census is punishable by fines of $100,
for a property or business agent to fail to provide correct names for the
census is punishable by fines of $500, and for a business agent to provide
false answers for the census is punishable by fines of $10,000, pursuant to
13 U.S.C. § 221 -224.
The United States Census is a population census, which is distinct from the
U.S. Census of Agriculture, which is no longer the responsibility of the
Census Bureau. It is also distinct from local censuses conducted by some
states or local jurisdictions'.
* 'In 1870, Tower Subway, the world's first underground tube railway, opens
in London, England, United Kingdom. .
- From Wikipedia: 'The Tower Subway is a tunnel beneath the River Thames in
central London, between Tower Hill on the north side of the river and Vine
Lane (off Tooley Street) on the south. In 1869 a 1,340-foot (410 m)
circular tunnel was dug through the London clay using a wrought iron
shield, a method that had been patented in 1864 by Peter W. Barlow. A 2 ft
6 in (762 mm) narrow gauge railway was laid in the tunnel and from August
1870 a cable-hauled wooden carriage conveyed passengers from one end to the
other. This was uneconomic and the company went bankrupt by the end of the
year. The tunnel was converted to pedestrian use and one million people a
year crossed under the river, paying a toll of 1/2d. The opening of the
toll-free Tower Bridge in 1894 caused a drop in income and the tunnel
closed in 1898, after being sold to the London Hydraulic Power Company.
Today the tunnel is used for water mains.
The same method of construction was used in 1890 to dig the tunnels of the
City and South London Railway, the first of London's Tube railways'.
* 'In 1873, San Francisco has its first ever cable car operated system. It
was the Clay Street Hill Railroad line. .
- From Wikipedia: 'The Clay Street Hill Railroad was the first successful
cable hauled street railway. It was located on Clay Street, a notably steep
street in San Francisco in California, and first operated in August 1873.
The promoter of the line was Andrew Smith Hallidie, and the engineer was
William Eppelsheimer. Accounts differ as to exactly how involved Hallidie
was in the inception of the Clay Street Hill Railway. One version has him
taking over the promotion of the line when the original promoter, Benjamin
Brooks, failed to raise the necessary capital. In another version, Hallidie
was the instigator, inspired by a desire to reduce the suffering incurred
by the horses that hauled streetcars up Jackson Street, from Kearny to
Stockton Street.
There is also doubt as to when exactly the first run of the cable car
occurred. The franchise required a first run no later than August 1, 1873.
However, at least one source reports that the run took place a day late, on
August 2, but the city chose not to void the franchise. Some accounts say
that the first gripman hired by Hallidie looked down the steep hill from
Jones and refused to operate the car, so Hallidie took the grip himself and
ran the car down the hill and up again without any problems.
The line involved the use of grip cars, which carried the grip that engaged
with the cable, towing trailer cars. The design was the first to use such
grips.
The Clay Street line started regular service on September 1, 1873 and was a
financial success. In 1888, it was absorbed into the Sacramento-Clay line
of the Ferries and Cliff House Railway, and it subsequently became a small
part of the San Francisco cable car system. Today none of the original line
survives. However grip car 8 from the line has been preserved, and is now
displayed in the San Francisco Cable Car Museum.
The railroad was designated as California Historical Landmark #500, with
the landmark marker being placed at the site of its eastern terminus near
the corner of Clay Street and Kearny'.
* 'In 1892, Charles A Wheeler patents an escalator prototype. .
- From Wikipedia: 'An escalator is a type of vertical transportation in the
form of a moving staircase – a conveyor transport device for carrying
people between floors of a building. The device consists of a motor-driven
chain of individually linked steps that move up or down on tracks, allowing
the step treads to remain horizontal.
Escalators are used around the world to move pedestrian traffic in places
where elevators would be impractical. Principal areas of usage include
department stores, shopping malls, airports, transit systems, convention
centers, hotels, arenas, stadiums, train stations (subways) and public
buildings.
Escalators have the capacity to move large numbers of people, and they can
be placed in the same physical space as a staircase. They have no waiting
interval (except during very heavy traffic), they can be used to guide
people toward main exits or special exhibits, and they may be
weatherproofed for outdoor use. A non-functioning escalator can function as
a normal staircase, whereas many other conveyances become useless when they
break down.
On March 15, 1892, Jesse W. Reno patented the Endless Conveyor or Elevator.
A few months after Reno's patent was approved, George A. Wheeler patented
his ideas for a more recognizable moving staircase, though it was never
built. Wheeler’s patents were bought by Charles Seeberger some features of
Wheeler’s designs were incorporated in Seeberger’s prototype built by the
Otis Elevator Company in 1899.
Reno, a graduate of Lehigh University, produced the first working escalator
(he actually called it the inclined elevator) and installed it alongside
the Old Iron Pier at Coney Island, New York City in 1896. This particular
device was little more than an inclined belt with cast-iron slats or cleats
on the surface for traction, and traveled along a 25° incline. A few months
later, the same prototype was used for a month-long trial period on the
Manhattan side of the Brooklyn Bridge. Reno eventually joined forces with
Otis, and retired once his patents were purchased outright. Some Reno-type
escalators were still being used in the Boston subway until construction
for the Big Dig precipitated their removal. The Smithsonian Institution
considered re-assembling one of these historic units from 1914 in their
collection of Americana, but logistics and reassembly costs won out over
nostalgia, and the project was discarded.
Around May 1895, Charles Seeberger began drawings on a form of escalator
similar to those patented by Wheeler in 1892. This device actually
consisted of flat, moving stairs, not unlike the escalators of today,
except for one important detail: the step surface was smooth, with no comb
effect to safely guide the rider's feet off at the ends. Instead, the
passenger had to step off sideways. To facilitate this, at the top or
bottom of the escalator the steps continued moving horizontally beyond the
end of the handrail (like a miniature moving sidewalk) until they
disappeared under a triangular divider which guided the passenger to either
side. Seeberger teamed with Otis in 1899, and together they produced the
first commercial escalator which won the first prize at the Paris 1900
Exposition Universelle in France. Also on display at the Exposition were
Reno's inclined elevator, a similar model by James M. Dodge and the Link
Belt Machinery Co., and two different devices by French manufacturers Hallé
and Piat'.
* 'In 1929, The classic song, Ain't Misbehavin', was recorded by Fats
Waller. .
- From Wikipedia: 'Ain't Misbehavin' is a 1929 stride jazz/early swing
composition with 32 bars in AABA measure with a slow-to-moderate pace. With
lyrics by Andy Razaf and score by Thomas Fats Waller and Harry Brooks, the
number was created specifically as a theme song for the Razaf/Waller/Brooks
off-Broadway musical comedy Connie's Hot Chocolates. In a 1941 interview
with Eddie Rochester Anderson, Fats claimed the song was written while
lodging in alimony prison, and that is why he was not misbehaving
The song was first performed at the premiere of Connie's Hot Chocolates at
Connie's Inn in Harlem as an opening number by Margaret Simms and Paul
Bass, and repeated later in the musical by Russell Wooding's Hallelujah
Singers. Connie's Hot Chocolates transferred to the Hudson Theatre on
Broadway in June 1929, where it was renamed to Hot Chocolates and where
Louis Armstrong took over as orchestra director. The script also required
Armstrong to play Ain't Misbehavin' in a trumpet solo, and although this
was initially slated to only be a reprise of the opening song, Armstrong's
performance was so well received that the trumpeter was asked to climb out
of the orchestra pit and play the piece on stage'.
* 'In 1932, The positron (antiparticle of the electron) is discovered by
Carl D. Anderson. .
- From Wikipedia: 'Dmitri Skobeltsyn first observed the positron in 1929.
While using a Wilson cloud chamber to try to detect gamma radiation in
cosmic rays, Skobeltsyn detected particles that acted like electrons but
curved in the opposite direction in an applied magnetic field.
Likewise, in 1929 Chung-Yao Chao, a graduate student at Caltech, noticed
some anomalous results that indicated particles behaving like electrons,
but with a positive charge, though the results were inconclusive and the
phenomenon was not pursued.
Carl David Anderson discovered the positron on August 2, 1932, for which he
won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1936. Anderson did not coin the term
positron, but allowed it at the suggestion of the Physical Review journal
editor to which he submitted his discovery paper in late 1932. The positron
was the first evidence of antimatter and was discovered when Anderson
allowed cosmic rays to pass through a cloud chamber and a lead plate. A
magnet surrounded this apparatus, causing particles to bend in different
directions based on their electric charge. The ion trail left by each
positron appeared on the photographic plate with a curvature matching the
mass-to-charge ratio of an electron, but in a direction that showed its
charge was positive.
Anderson wrote in retrospect that the positron could have been discovered
earlier based on Chung-Yao Chao's work, if only it had been followed up on.
Frédéric and Irène Joliot-Curie in Paris had evidence of positrons in old
photographs when Anderson's results came out, but they had dismissed them
as protons.
The positron had also been contemporaneously discovered by Patrick Blackett
and Giuseppe Occhialini at the Cavendish Laboratory in 1932. Blackett and
Occhialini had delayed publication to obtain more solid evidence, so
Anderson was able to publish the discovery first'.
* 'In 1967, 'In the Heat of the Night' directed by Norman Jewison and
starring Sidney Poitier and Rod Steiger premieres in New York (Best Picture
1968) .
- From Wikipedia: 'In the Heat of the Night is a 1967 American mystery
drama film directed by Norman Jewison. It is based on John Ball's 1965
novel of the same name which tells the story of Virgil Tibbs, a black
police detective from Philadelphia, who becomes involved in a murder
investigation in a racist small town in Mississippi. The movie changes
various details found in the book from relatively minor ones (Virgil Tibbs
in the book is an officer in California) to more major (basic details of
the murder, including the victim, are different). It stars Sidney Poitier,
Rod Steiger, and Warren Oates, and was produced by Walter Mirisch. The
screenplay was by Stirling Silliphant.
The film won five Academy Awards, including the 1967 award for Best
Picture.
The film was followed by two sequels, They Call Me Mister Tibbs! in 1970,
and The Organization in 1971. In 1988, it also became the basis of a
television series adaptation of the same name.
Although the film was set in the fictional Mississippi town of Sparta (with
supposedly no connection to the real Sparta, Mississippi), part of the
movie was filmed in Sparta, Illinois, where many of the film's landmarks
can still be seen. The quote They call me Mister Tibbs! was listed as
number 16 on the American Film Institute's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes, a
list of top film quotes'.
* 'In 1990, Iraq invades Kuwait, eventually leading to the Gulf War. .
- From Wikipedia: 'The Gulf War (2 August 1990 – 28 February 1991),
codenamed Operation Desert Shield (2 August 1990 – 17 January 1991), for
operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia and
Operation Desert Storm (17 January 1991 – 28 February 1991) in its combat
phase, was a war waged by coalition forces from 34 nations led by the
United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of
Kuwait.
The war is also known under other names, such as the Persian Gulf War,
First Gulf War, Gulf War I, Kuwait War, First Iraq War, or Iraq War before
the term Iraq War became identified instead with the 2003 Iraq War (also
referred to in the U.S. as Operation Iraqi Freedom). The Iraqi Army's
occupation of Kuwait that began 2 August 1990 was met with international
condemnation, and brought immediate economic sanctions against Iraq by
members of the U.N. Security Council. U.S. President George H. W. Bush
deployed U.S. forces into Saudi Arabia, and urged other countries to send
their own forces to the scene. An array of nations joined the Coalition,
the largest military alliance since World War II. The great majority of the
Coalition's military forces were from the U.S., with Saudi Arabia, the
United Kingdom and Egypt as leading contributors, in that order. Kuwait and
Saudi Arabia paid around US$32 billion of the US$60 billion cost.
The war was marked by the introduction of live news broadcasts from the
front lines of the battle, principally by the U.S. network CNN. The war has
also earned the nickname Video Game War after the daily broadcast of images
from cameras on board U.S. bombers during Operation Desert Storm.
The initial conflict to expel Iraqi troops from Kuwait began with an aerial
and naval bombardment on 17 January 1991, continuing for five weeks. This
was followed by a ground assault on 24 February. This was a decisive
victory for the Coalition forces, who liberated Kuwait and advanced into
Iraqi territory. The Coalition ceased its advance, and declared a
cease-fire 100 hours after the ground campaign started. Aerial and ground
combat was confined to Iraq, Kuwait, and areas on Saudi Arabia's border.
Iraq launched Scud missiles against Coalition military targets in Saudi
Arabia and against Israel'.
No. 1 song
Top movie
Monthly holiday / awareness days in August
Food
National Catfish Month
National Goat Cheese Month
Rye Month
Health
Children's Eye Health and Safety Month
Children's Vision and Learning Month
National Breastfeeding Month
National Immunization Awareness Month
National Minority Donor Awareness Month
National Spinal Muscular Atrophy Awareness Month
Neurosurgery Outreach Month
Psoriasis Awareness Month
Animal / Pets
Other
American Adventures Month
American Artists Appreciation Month
American Indian Heritage Month
American History Essay Contest
Black Business Month
Boomers Making A Difference Month
Bystander Awareness Month
Child Support Awareness Month
Get Ready for Kindergarten Month
Happiness Happens Month
Motor Sports Awareness Month
National Read A Romance Month
National Traffic Awareness Month
National Truancy Prevention Month
National Water Quality Month
Shop Online For Groceries Month
What Will Be Your Legacy Month
XXXI Summer Olympics: 5-21
August is:
August origin (from Wikipedia): Originally named Sextili (Latin), because it was the sixth month in the original ten-month Roman calendar: under Romulus in 753 BC, when March was the first month of the year.
"About 700 BC it became the eighth month when January and February were added to the year before March by King Numa Pompilius, who also gave it 29 days. Julius Caesar added two days when he created the Julian calendar in 45 BC giving it its modern length of 31 days. In 8 BC it was renamed in honor of Augustus
According to a Senatus consultum quoted by Macrobius, he chose this month because it was the time of several of his great triumphs, including the conquest of Egypt.
"
August at Wikipedia: More
If you couldn't afford 90 cents for a movie ticket, 50 years ago,
or your 45 RPM record player was broke, you might watch one of these shows on TV.
From this Wikipedia article: More
Best selling books of 1966 More
Sites for downloading or reading free Public Domain eBooks. Available in various formats. More