<> Tomorrow's food holidays(s):
* 'National Milk Chocolate Day'.
- From Wikipedia (Types of chocolate):
'Chocolate is a range of foods derived from cocoa (cacao), mixed with fat
(i.e., cocoa butter) and finely powdered sugar to produce a solid
confectionery. There are several types of chocolate, classified according
to the proportion of cocoa used in a particular formulation.
The use of particular name designations is sometimes subject to
international governmental regulation. Some governments assign chocolate
solids and ranges of chocolate differently.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates the naming and
ingredients of cocoa products:
(Product, Chocolate Liquor, Milk Solids, Sugar, Cocoa Fat , Milk Fat)
Milk Chocolate, = 10%, = 12%, , , ,
Sweet Chocolate, = 15%, < 12%, , , ,
Semisweet or Bittersweet (Dark) Chocolate, = 35%, < 12%, ,,,
White Chocolate, , = 14%, = 55%, = 20%, = 3.5%
In March 2007, the Chocolate Manufacturers Association, whose members
include Hershey's, Nestlé, and Archer Daniels Midland, began lobbying the
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to change the legal definition of
chocolate to allow the substitution of safe and suitable vegetable fats and
oils (including partially hydrogenated vegetable oils) for cocoa butter in
addition to using any sweetening agent (including artificial sweeteners)
and milk substitutes. Currently, the FDA does not allow a product to be
referred to as chocolate if the product contains any of these ingredients.
To work around this restriction, products with cocoa substitutes are often
branded or labeled as chocolatey or as in the case of Hershey's Mr. Goodbar
containing vegetable oils, made with chocolate'.
[The Hankster says] I like all the different flavors. My favorite are dark and bitter sweet. After a while of that, then I crave milk chocolate. Funny but my favorite candy bar is original Snickers (milk chocolate).
* 'National Chili Dog Day'. . Last Thursday in July.
- From Wikipedia (Chili dog):
'Chili dog is the generic name for a hot dog served in a bun and topped
with some sort of meat sauce, such as chili con carne. Often other toppings
are also added, such as cheese, onions, and mustard. The style has multiple
regional variations in the United States, many calling for specific and
unique sauce ingredients, types of hot dogs, or types of buns and referred
to regionally under region-specific names'.
[The Hankster says] Chili, onions and cheese, please.
<> Other holidays / celebrations
* 'Buffalo Soldiers Day'.
The date of a Congressional recognition of the soldiers.
- From Wikipedia (Buffalo Soldier):
'Buffalo Soldiers originally were members of the U.S. 10th Cavalry Regiment
of the United States Army, formed on September 21, 1866 at Fort
Leavenworth, Kansas. This nickname was given to the Negro Cavalry by the
Native American tribes they fought in the Indian Wars. The term eventually
became synonymous with all of the African American regiments formed in
1866:
(9th Cavalry Regiment, 10th Cavalry Regiment, 24th Infantry Regiment,
25th Infantry Regiment)
Although several African American regiments were raised during the Civil
War as part of the Union Army (including the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer
Infantry and the many United States Colored Troops Regiments), the Buffalo
Soldiers were established by Congress as the first peacetime all-black
regiments in the regular U.S. Army. On September 6, 2005, Mark Matthews,
who was the oldest living Buffalo Soldier, died at the age of 111. He was
buried at Arlington National Cemetery. During the Civil War, the U.S.
government formed regiments known as the United States Colored Troops,
composed of black soldiers and Native Americans. After the war, Congress
reorganized the Army and authorized the formation of two regiments of black
cavalry with the designations 9th and 10th U.S. Cavalry, and four regiments
of black infantry, designated the 38th, 39th, 40th, and 41st Infantry
Regiments (Colored). The 38th and 41st were reorganized as the 25th
Infantry Regiment, with headquarters in Jackson Barracks in New Orleans,
Louisiana, in November 1869. The 39th and 40th were reorganized as the 24th
Infantry Regiment, with headquarters at Fort Clark, Texas, in April 1869.
All of these units were composed of black enlisted men commanded by both
white and black officers. These included the first commander of the 10th
Cavalry Benjamin Grierson, the first commander of the 9th Cavalry Edward
Hatch, Medal of Honor recipient Louis H. Carpenter, Nicholas M. Nolan, and
the first black graduate of West Point, Henry O. Flipper'.
* 'Beatrix Potter Day'.
Birthday in 1866, this English author of children's books, is best known
for her book, 'Tale of Peter Rabbit'.
- From Wikipedia (Beatrix Potter):
'Helen Beatrix Potter (28 July 1866 – 22 December 1943) was an English
writer, illustrator, natural scientist, and conservationist best known for
her children's books featuring animals, such as those in The Tale of Peter
Rabbit.
Born into a privileged household, Potter was educated by governesses and
grew up isolated from other children. She had numerous pets and spent
holidays in Scotland and the Lake District, developing a love of landscape,
flora and fauna, all of which she closely observed and painted.
Though Potter was typical of women of her generation in having limited
opportunities for higher education, her study and watercolors of fungi led
to her being widely respected in the field of mycology. In her thirties,
Potter published the highly successful children's book, The Tale of Peter
Rabbit. Potter began writing and illustrating children's books full-time
Potter wrote about 30 books the best known being her 24 children's tales.
She died of pneumonia and heart disease on 22 December 1943 at her home in
Near Sawrey at age 77, leaving almost all her property to the National
Trust. She is credited with preserving much of the land that now
constitutes the Lake District National Park. Potter's books continue to
sell throughout the world in many languages with her stories being retold
in song, film, ballet, and animation, and her life depicted in a feature
film and television film'.
* 'Great Texas Mosquito Festival'.
July 28-3o in Clute Texas.
[The Hankster says] If you can't beat 'um, celebrate 'um. This is not a B.Y.O.M. event. There will be a lot, already there.
<> Awareness / Observances:
o Health
* 'World Hepatitis Day'.
- From Wikipedia (World Hepatitis Day):
'World Hepatitis Day, observed on July 28 every year, aims to raise global
awareness of hepatitis — a group of infectious diseases known as Hepatitis
A, B, C, D, and E — and encourage prevention, diagnosis and treatment.
Hepatitis affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide, causing acute
and chronic disease and killing close to 1.4 million people every year.
World Hepatitis Day is one of eight official global public health campaigns
marked by the World Health Organization (WHO), along with World Health Day,
World Blood Donor Day, World Immunization Week, World Tuberculosis Day,
World No Tobacco Day, World Malaria Day and World AIDS Day'.
o Other:
* 'A Day of Commemoration of the Great Upheaval'. In Canada.
- From Wikipedia (Royal Proclamation of 2003):
'The Royal Proclamation of 2003, formally known as Proclamation Designating
28 July of Every Year as A Day of Commemoration of the Great Upheaval,
Commencing on 28 July 2005, is a document issued in the name of Queen
Elizabeth II acknowledging the Great Upheaval (or Great Expulsion or Grand
Dérangement), Britain's expulsion of French-speaking Acadians from Nova
Scotia, beginning in 1755.
The proclamation's origin dates back to a 1763 petition submitted to King
George III by Acadian exiles in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Because the
King never responded to the petition, Warren A. Perrin, a Cajun attorney
and cultural activist from Erath, Louisiana, in the 1990s resurrected the
petition and threatened to sue Elizabeth II
(great-great-great-great-granddaughter of George III), as Queen in Right of
the United Kingdom, if the British government refused to acknowledge the
illegality of the Grand Dérangement.
After 13 years of discussions, Perrin and his supporters in the United
States and Canada persuaded the Government of Canada to issue a royal
proclamation acknowledging the historical fact of the Great Upheaval and
consequent suffering experienced by the Acadian people. The document itself
was signed by Adrienne Clarkson, then Governor General of Canada'.
* 'World Nature Conservation Day'. Annually on July 28.
<> Historical events on July 28
* 'In 1854, The USS Constellation (1854), the last all-sail warship built
by the United States Navy, is commissioned. .
- From Wikipedia: 'USS Constellation, constructed in 1854, is a
sloop-of-war/corvette and the second United States Navy ship to carry the
name. According to the U.S. Naval Registry the original frigate was
disassembled on 25 June 1853 in Gosport Navy Yard in Portsmouth, Virginia,
and the sloop-of-war/corvette was constructed in the same yard using
material salvaged from the earlier ship. Constellation is the last
sail-only warship designed and built by the Navy. Despite being a
single-gundeck sloop, she is actually larger than her frigate namesake, and
more powerfully armed with fewer but much more potent shell-firing guns.
The sloop was launched on 26 August 1854 and commissioned on 28 July 1855
with Captain Charles H. Bell in command. She remained in service for close
to a century before finally being retired in 1954, and preserved as a
museum ship in Baltimore, Maryland, where she remains today'.
* 'In 1858, First use of fingerprints as a means of identification is made
by Sir William James Herschel of the Indian Civil Service. He placed
fingerprints on British documents. .
- From Wikipedia: 'Herschel is credited with being the first European to
note the value of fingerprints for identification. He recognized that
fingerprints were unique and permanent. Herschel documented his own
fingerprints over his lifetime to prove permanence. He was also credited
with being the first person to use fingerprints in a practical manner. As
early as the 1850s, working as a British officer for the Indian Civil
Service in the Bengal region of India, he started putting fingerprints on
contracts'.
* 'In 1866, The use of the metric system was legalized (not adopted) by the
U.S. Congress. This allowed for better trade with other countries. .
- From Wikipedia: 'Metrication (or metrification) is the process of
introducing the International System of Units (or SI), commonly known as
the metric system, to replace the traditional or customary units of
measurement of a country or region. Although all U.S. customary units have
been redefined in terms of SI units, the United States does not commonly
mandate the use of SI. This, according to the CIA Factbook, makes the
United States one of only three countries as of 2007, with Myanmar (Burma)
and Liberia, that have not adopted the metric system as their official
system of weights and measures. Additionally, the United Kingdom still uses
imperial units officially for a few purposes, including road signage and
the sale of doorstep delivered milk and draft beer and cider, and uses troy
weight for precious metals. Imperial units are otherwise still permitted
there, but only alongside metric units in dual labeling'.
* 'In 1914, Foxtrot 1st danced at New Amsterdam Roof Garden (NYC, by Harry
Fox) .
- From Wikipedia: 'The foxtrot is a smooth, progressive dance characterized
by long, continuous flowing movements across the dance floor. It is danced
to big band (usually vocal) music. The dance is similar in its look to
waltz, although the rhythm is in a 4 4 time signature instead of 3 4.
Developed in the 1910s, the foxtrot reached its height of popularity in the
1930s, and remains practiced today.
The dance was premiered in 1914, quickly catching the eye of the husband
and wife duo Vernon and Irene Castle, who lent the dance its signature
grace and style. The exact origin of the name of the dance is unclear,
although one theory is that it took its name from its popularizer, the
vaudeville actor Harry Fox. Two sources credit African American dancers as
the source of the Foxtrot: Vernon Castle himself, and dance teacher Betty
Lee. Castle saw the dance, which had been danced by negroes, to his
personal knowledge, for fifteen years, a certain exclusive colored club
When rock and roll first emerged in the early 1950s, record companies were
uncertain as to what style of dance would be most applicable to the music.
Notably, Decca Records initially labeled its rock and roll releases as
foxtrots, most notably Rock Around the Clock by Bill Haley and His Comets.
Since that recording, by some estimates, went on to sell more than 25
million copies, Rock Around the Clock could be considered the
biggest-selling foxtrot of all time. Today, the dance is customarily
accompanied by the same big band music to which swing is also danced.
Over time, the foxtrot split into slow and quick versions, referred to as
foxtrot and quickstep respectively. In the slow category, further
distinctions exist between the International or English style of the
foxtrot and the continuity American style, both built around a
slow-quick-quick rhythm at the slowest tempo, and the social American style
using a slow-slow-quick-quick rhythm at a somewhat faster pace. In the
context of International Standard category of ballroom dances, for some
time the foxtrot was called Slow Foxtrot, or Slowfox These names are still
in use, to distinguish from other types of foxtrots'.
* 'In 1914, The start of World War I: Austria-Hungary declares war on
Serbia after Serbia rejects the conditions of an ultimatum sent by Austria
on July 23 following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. .
- From Wikipedia: World War I (WWI or WW1), also known as the First World
War, or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted
from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. More than 70 million military
personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the
largest wars in history. Over 9 million combatants and 7 million civilians
died as a result of the war (including the victims of a number of
genocides), a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological
and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by
gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history,
and paved the way for major political changes, including revolutions in
many of the nations involved.
'The assassination led to a month of diplomatic manoeuvring between
Austria-Hungary, Germany, Russia, France, and Britain called the July
Crisis. Believing correctly that Serbian officials (especially the officers
of the Black Hand) were involved in the plot to murder the Archduke, and
wanting to finally end Serbian interference in Bosnia, Austria-Hungary
delivered to Serbia on 23 July the July Ultimatum, a series of ten demands
that were made intentionally unacceptable, in an effort to provoke a war
with Serbia. The next day, after the Council of Ministers of Russia was
held under the chairmanship of the Tsar at Krasnoe Selo, Russia ordered
general mobilization for Odessa, Kiev, Kazan and Moscow military districts
and fleets of the Baltic and the Black Sea. They also asked for other
regions to accelerate preparations for general mobilization. Serbia decreed
general mobilization on the 25th and that night, declared that they
accepted all the terms of the ultimatum, except article six, which demanded
that Austrian delegates be allowed in Serbia for the purpose of
participation in the investigation into the assassination. Following this,
Austria broke off diplomatic relations with Serbia, and the next day
ordered a partial mobilization. Finally, on 28 July 1914, Austria-Hungary
declared war on Serbia'.
* 'In 1935, First flight of the Boeing B-17 'Flying Fortress'.
- From Wikipedia: ' Richard Williams, a reporter for the Seattle Times,
coined the name 'Flying Fortress' when the Model 299 was rolled out
bristling with multiple machine gun installations'. .
- From Wikipedia: 'The Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress is a four-engine heavy
bomber developed in the 1930s for the United States Army Air Corps (USAAC).
Competing against Douglas and Martin for a contract to build 200 bombers,
the Boeing entry outperformed both competitors and exceeded the air corps'
performance specifications. Although Boeing lost the contract because the
prototype crashed, the air corps was so impressed with Boeing's design that
it ordered 13 more B-17s for further evaluation. From its introduction in
1938, the B-17 Flying Fortress evolved through numerous design advances.
The B-17 was primarily employed by the United States Army Air Forces
(USAAF) in the daylight precision strategic bombing campaign of World War
II against German industrial and military targets. The United States Eighth
Air Force, based at many airfields in central and southern England, and the
Fifteenth Air Force, based in Italy, complemented the RAF Bomber Command's
nighttime area bombing in the Combined Bomber Offensive to help secure air
superiority over the cities, factories and battlefields of Western Europe
in preparation for the invasion of France in 1944. The B-17 also
participated to a lesser extent in the War in the Pacific, early in World
War II, where it conducted raids against Japanese shipping and airfields.
From its prewar inception, the USAAC (by June of 1941, the USAAF) promoted
the aircraft as a strategic weapon it was a fast, high-flying, long-range
bomber that was able to defend itself, carried a very good bombload and was
able to return home despite extensive battle damage. Its reputation quickly
took on mythic proportions, and widely circulated stories and photos of
notable numbers and examples of B-17s surviving battle damage increased its
iconic status. With a service ceiling greater than any of its Allied
contemporaries, the B-17 established itself as an effective weapons system,
dropping more bombs than any other U.S. aircraft in World War II. Of the
1.5 million tonnes of bombs dropped on Germany and its occupied territories
by U.S. aircraft, 640,000 tonnes were dropped from B-17s. In addition to
its role as a bomber, the B-17 was also employed as a transport,
antisubmarine warfare platform, drone controller, and search-and-rescue
aircraft.
As of May 2015, ten aircraft remain airworthy. None of them are combat
veterans. Additionally, a few dozen more are in storage or on static
display. The oldest is a D-series combat veteran with service in the
Pacific and the Caribbean'.
* 'In 1939, Judy Garland sings 'Somewhere Over the Rainbow', her most
famous song, that would later be used in 'The Wizard of Oz'. .
- From Wikipedia: 'Over the Rainbow (often referred to as Somewhere over
the Rainbow) is a ballad, with music by Harold Arlen and lyrics by E.Y.
Harburg. It was written for the movie The Wizard of Oz (1939) and was sung
by actress Judy Garland, in her starring role as Dorothy Gale. The song won
the Academy Award for Best Original Song and became Garland's signature
song, as well as one of the most enduring standards of the 20th century.
About five minutes into the film, Dorothy sings the song after failing to
get her aunt and uncle to listen to her relate an unpleasant incident
involving her dog, Toto, and the town spinster, Miss Gulch. Dorothy's Aunt
Em tells her to find yourself a place where you won't get into any trouble
This prompts Dorothy to walk off by herself, musing to Toto, 'Some place
where there isn't any trouble.' Do you suppose there is such a place, Toto?
There must be. It's not a place you can get to by a boat, or a train. It's
far, far away. Behind the moon, beyond the rain..., at which point she
begins singing'.
* 'In 1945, A U.S. Army B-25 bomber crashes into the 79th floor of the
Empire State Building killing 14 and injuring 26. .
- From Wikipedia: 'At 9:40 am on Saturday, July 28, 1945, a B-25 Mitchell
bomber, piloted in thick fog by Lieutenant Colonel William Franklin Smith,
Jr., crashed into the north side of the Empire State Building, between the
79th and 80th floors, where the offices of the National Catholic Welfare
Council were located. One engine shot through the side opposite the impact
and flew as far as the next block, where it landed on the roof of a nearby
building, starting a fire that destroyed a penthouse. The other engine and
part of the landing gear plummeted down an elevator shaft. The resulting
fire was extinguished in 40 minutes. Fourteen people were killed in the
incident. Elevator operator Betty Lou Oliver survived a plunge of 75
stories inside an elevator, which still stands as the Guinness World Record
for the longest survived elevator fall recorded. Despite the damage and
loss of life, the building was open for business on many floors on the
following Monday. The crash helped spur the passage of the long-pending
Federal Tort Claims Act of 1946, as well as the insertion of retroactive
provisions into the law, allowing people to sue the government for the
incident.
A year later, another aircraft narrowly missed striking the building'.
* 'In 1951, Walt Disney's animated musical film 'Alice In Wonderland'
released in the USA. It had it's world premiere two days earlier in London.
.
- From Wikipedia: 'Alice in Wonderland is a 1951 American animated musical
fantasy-comedy film produced by Walt Disney Productions and based on the
Alice books by Lewis Carroll. The 13th of Disney's animated features, the
film premiered in New York City and London on July 26, 1951. The film
features the voices of Kathryn Beaumont as Alice, Sterling Holloway as the
Cheshire Cat, Verna Felton as the Queen of Hearts, and Ed Wynn as the Mad
Hatter.
Walt Disney first attempted unsuccessfully to adapt Alice into an animated
feature film during the 1930s. However, he finally revived the idea in the
1940s. The film was originally intended to be a live-action/animated film
however, Disney decided to make it an all-animated feature in 1946. The
theme song of the same name has since become a jazz standard. While the
film was critically panned on its initial release, the movie proved to be
ahead of its time and has since been regarded as one of Disney's greatest
animated classics, notably one of the biggest cult classics in the
animation medium, as well as one of the best film adaptations of Alice.
A live-action re-imagining produced by Walt Disney Pictures and directed by
Tim Burton, starring Johnny Depp as the Mad Hatter, Helena Bonham Carter as
the Red Queen, Stephen Fry as the Cheshire Cat, and Mia Wasikowska as Alice
was released in 2010'.
* 'In 1954, 'On the Waterfront', directed by Elia Kazan starring Marlon
Brando and Eva Marie Saint, is released (Best Picture 1955). .
- From Wikipedia: 'On the Waterfront is a 1954 American crime drama film
with elements of film noir. The film was directed by Elia Kazan and written
by Budd Schulberg. It stars Marlon Brando and features Karl Malden, Lee J.
Cobb, Rod Steiger, Pat Henning, and, in her film debut, Eva Marie Saint.
The soundtrack score was composed by Leonard Bernstein. The film was
suggested by Crime on the Waterfront by Malcolm Johnson, a series of
articles published in November-December 1948 in the New York Sun which won
the 1949 Pulitzer Prize for Local Reporting, but the screenplay by Budd
Schulberg is directly based on his own original story. The film focuses on
union violence and corruption amongst longshoremen while detailing
widespread corruption, extortion, and racketeering on the waterfronts of
Hoboken, New Jersey.
On the Waterfront was a critical and commercial success and received twelve
Academy Award nominations, winning eight, including Best Picture, Best
Actor for Brando, Best Supporting Actress for Saint, and Best Director for
Kazan. In 1997 it was ranked by the American Film Institute as the
eighth-greatest American movie of all time and in AFI's 2007 list it was
ranked 19th. It is Bernstein's only original film score not adapted from a
stage production with songs.
In 1989, On the Waterfront was deemed culturally, historically or
aesthetically significant by the Library of Congress and selected for
preservation in the United States National Film Registry'.
* 'In 1996, Remains of a prehistoric man is discovered near Kennewick, WA.
He was referred to as the 'Kennewick Man'.
- From Wikipedia: 'Kennewick Man is the name generally given to the
skeletal remains of a prehistoric Paleoamerican man found on a bank of the
Columbia River in Kennewick, Washington, on July 28, 1996. It is one of the
most complete ancient skeletons ever found. Radiocarbon tests on bone have
shown it to date from 8.9k to 9k calibrated years before present.
The discovery of the remains led to considerable controversy, as the
Umatilla people and other tribes have wanted the remains returned to them
for reburial under the federal Native American Graves Protection and
Repatriation Act (NAGPRA). The law was designed to remedy long-standing
wrongs done to tribes and to facilitate the return of human remains and
cultural objects unlawfully obtained taken from them. In this case, the
archaeologists who discovered the bones, James Chatters and Douglas Owsley,
an archaeologist at the Smithsonian Institution, both asserted that the
bones were unrelated to today's Native Americans but instead had features
that more closely resembled Polynesian or Southeast Asian peoples, a
finding that would exempt the bones from NAGPRA.
In June 2015, scientists at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark
determined through DNA from 8,500-year-old bones that Kennewick Man is, in
fact, related to contemporary Native Americans, including those from the
region in which his bones were found. The international team of scientists
had confirmed that finding to the Army Corps of Engineers as far back as
2013. Chatters, the discoverer of the bones, had long changed his mind
after finding similar skull shapes among confirmed ancestors of Native
Americans. The results did not surprise scientists who study the genetics
of ancient people, as almost all Paleoamericans have shown strong genetic
ties with modern Native Americans. Analysis showed that Kennewick Man is
“very closely related to the Colville tribe in northeast Washington. The
results were published in Nature magazine. Public officials such as
Governor Jay Inslee and Senator Patty Murray have since called on the Corps
of Engineers, which retained possession of Kennewick Man, to return the
remains to Native American tribes.
The controversy concerning the ownership of the bones of Kennewick Man also
became involved in racial politics, as White supremacist and White
nationalist groups claimed Kennewick Man was of European origin and thus
white and unrelated to Native Americans'.
No. 1 song
Top movie
Monthly holiday / awareness days in July
Food
National Blueberries Month
National Grilling Month
National Honey Month
National Ice Cream Month
National Horseradish Month
National Hot Dog Month
Wheat Month
Health
Alopecia Month for Women
Bereaved Parents Awareness Month
Eye Injury Prevention Month
Hemochromatosis Screening Awareness Month
International Group B Strep Awareness Month
International Women with Alopecia Month
International Zine Month
Juvenille Arthritis Awareness Month
National Black Family Month
National Cleft and Craniofacial Awareness and Prevention Month
National Cord Blood Awareness Month
National Minority Mental Health Awareness Month
Social Wellness Month
Animal / Pets
National 'Doghouse Repairs' Month
Other
Bioterrorism/Disaster Education and Awareness Month
Cell Phone Courtesy Month
Family Golf Month
Independent Retailer Month
National Child-Centered Divorce Month
National Make A Difference to Children Month
National Parks and Recreation Month
National Vacation Rental Month
Smart Irrigation Month
Tour de France Month
Women's Motorcycle Month
July is:
July origin (from Wikipedia): Named by the Roman Senate in honor of Julius Caesar.
"is the seventh month of the year (between June
and August) in the Julian and Gregorian Calendars and one of seven months
with the length of 31 days. It was named by the Roman Senate in honor of
the Roman general, Julius Caesar, it being the month of his birth. Prior
to that, it was called Quintilis. It is, on average, the warmest month in
most of the Northern hemisphere (where it is the second month of summer)
and the coldest month in much of the Southern hemisphere (where it
is the second month of winter). The second half of the year commences in
July. In the Southern hemisphere, July is the seasonal equivalent of
January in the Northern hemisphere."
July at Wikipedia: More
If you couldn't afford 90 cents for a movie ticket, 50 years ago,
or your 45 RPM record player was broke, you might watch one of these shows on TV.
From this Wikipedia article: More
Best selling books of 1966 More
Sites for downloading or reading free Public Domain eBooks. Available in various formats. More