<> Tomorrow's food holidays(s):
* 'National Barbecued Spareribs Day'. .
- From Wikipedia (Spare ribs):
'Spare ribs (also side ribs or spareribs) are a variety of pork ribs or
beef ribs, cooked and eaten in various cuisines around the world. They are
the most inexpensive cut of pork and beef ribs. They are a long cut from
the lower portion of the pig or cattle, specifically the belly and
breastbone, behind the shoulder, and include 11 to 13 long bones. There is
a covering of meat on top of the bones as well as between them.
They are generally cooked on a barbecue or on an open fire, and are served
as a slab (bones and all) with a sauce. American butchers prepare two cuts:
Pork spare ribs are taken from the belly side of the pig's rib cage above
the sternum (breast bone) and below the back ribs which extend about 6"
down from the spine. Spare ribs are flatter than the curved back ribs and
contain more bone than meat. There is also quite a bit of fat which can
make the ribs more tender than baby back ribs. St. Louis Cut ribs are spare
ribs where the sternum bone, cartilage, and the surrounding meat known as
the rib tips have been removed. St. Louis Cut rib racks are almost rectangular.
rectangular.
{The Hankster says] I can still taste the ribs my father grilled. He had his own homemade sauce.
'National Caesar Salad Day:'. . Created by Italian immigrant Caesar Cardini.
- From Wikipedia:
'A Caesar salad is a salad of romaine lettuce and croutons dressed with
parmesan cheese, lemon juice, olive oil, egg, Worcestershire sauce,
anchovies, garlic, and black pepper.
It is often prepared tableside.
The salad's creation is generally attributed to restaurateur Caesar
Cardini, an Italian immigrant who operated restaurants in Mexico and the
United States. Cardini was living in San Diego but also working in Tijuana
where he avoided the restrictions of Prohibition. His daughter Rosa
(1928–2003) recounted that her father invented the dish when a Fourth of
July 1924 rush depleted the kitchen's supplies. Cardini made do with what
he had, adding the dramatic flair of the table-side tossing "by the
chef." A number of Cardini's staff have said that they invented the
dish.
[The Hankster says] Notice that the original recipe does not have those little fishes in it.
<> Other holidays / celebrations
* 'Independence Day (United States)'.
- From Wikipedia: 'Independence Day of the United States, also referred to
as the Fourth of July or July Fourth in the U.S., is a federal holiday
commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4,
1776, by the Continental Congress declaring that the thirteen American
colonies regarded themselves as a new nation, the United States of America,
and no longer part of the British Empire. Independence Day is commonly
associated with fireworks, parades, barbecues, carnivals, fairs, picnics,
concerts, baseball games, family reunions, and political speeches and
ceremonies, in addition to various other public and private events
celebrating the history, government, and traditions of the United States.
Independence Day is the National Day of the United States.'
* 'Sidewalk Egg Frying Day'.
That sidewalk will need to be 158 degrees F.
[The Hankster says] You can find a good Myth Busters video on YouTube. No, I won't spoil it.
* 'Independence from Meat Day'.
Created by the Vegetarian Awareness Network.
[The Hankster says] Hey, several veggies are great prepared over the BBQ.
* 'Boom Box Parade Day'.
By WILI Radio. Willimantic, CT. Started in 1986 when a band could not be
found for the July 4th parade.
[The Hankster says] You will be making your neighbors jealous with the BBQ smoke, so why not complete the effort with some loud noise.
<> Awareness / Observances:
o Health
* 'Sarcoma Awareness Week'. July 4-10 in Great Britain. Sarcoma UK, The
bone and soft tissue cancer charity.
* 'Sleep Awareness Week'. July 4-10 in Australia. By Sleep Health
Foundation.
o Other:
* 'Filipino-American Friendship Day'.
- From Wikipedia (Republic Day (Philippines)):
'Philippine Republic Day, also known as Filipino-American Friendship Day,
is a commemoration in the Philippines held annually on 4 July. It was
formerly an official holiday designated as Independence Day, celebrating
the signing of the Treaty of Manila, which granted Philippine Independence
from the United States of America in 1946.
The Philippine Islands were an American possession from 1898 to 1946, first
as a territory and then as a Commonwealth beginning in 1935. Between 1941
and 1945, the Empire of Japan occupied the Islands during the Second World
War the Commonwealth government-in-exile headed by President Manuel Luis
Quezon was based in Australia and later in the United States.
A campaign to retake the country began in October 1944, when General
Douglas MacArthur landed in Leyte along with Sergio Osmeña, who succeeded
to the presidency after Quezon's death in 1944. The battles entailed long
fierce fighting some of the Japanese continued to fight until the official
surrender of the Japan on 2 September 1945. The country gained complete
independence on 4 July 1946'.
<> Historical events on July 4
* 'In 1776, The United States Declaration of Independence is adopted by the
Second Continental Congress. .
- From Wikipedia: 'Independence Day of the United States, also referred to
as the Fourth of July or July Fourth in the U.S., is a federal holiday
commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4,
1776, by the Continental Congress declaring that the thirteen American
colonies regarded themselves as a new nation, the United States of America,
and no longer part of the British Empire. Independence Day is commonly
associated with fireworks, parades, barbecues, carnivals, fairs, picnics,
concerts, baseball games, family reunions, and political speeches and
ceremonies, in addition to various other public and private events
celebrating the history, government, and traditions of the United States.
Independence Day is the National Day of the United States.
During the American Revolution, the legal separation of the Thirteen
Colonies from Great Britain occurred on July 2, 1776, when the Second
Continental Congress voted to approve a resolution of independence that had
been proposed in June by Richard Henry Lee of Virginia declaring the United
States independent from Great Britain rule. After voting for independence,
Congress turned its attention to the Declaration of Independence, a
statement explaining this decision, which had been prepared by a Committee
of Five, with Thomas Jefferson as its principal author. Congress debated
and revised the wording of the Declaration, finally approving it on July 4.
...
From the outset, Americans celebrated independence on July 4, the date
shown on the much-publicized Declaration of Independence, rather than on
July 2, the date the resolution of independence was approved in a closed
session of Congress.
Historians have long disputed whether Congress actually signed the
Declaration of Independence on July 4, even though Thomas Jefferson, John
Adams, and Benjamin Franklin all later wrote that they had signed it on
that day. Most historians have concluded that the Declaration was signed
nearly a month after its adoption, on August 2, 1776, and not on July 4 as
is commonly believed.
Coincidentally, both John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, the only signers of
the Declaration of Independence later to serve as Presidents of the United
States, died on the same day: July 4, 1826, which was the 50th anniversary
of the Declaration. Although not a signer of the Declaration of
Independence, but another Founding Father who became a President, James
Monroe, died on July 4, 1831, thus becoming the third President in a row
who died on the holiday. Calvin Coolidge, the 30th President, was born on
July 4, 1872, and, so far, is the only U.S. President to have been born on
Independence Day.
* 'In 1802, At West Point, New York, the United States Military Academy
opens. .
- From Wikipedia: 'The United States Military Academy (USMA), also known as
West Point, Army, The Academy or simply The Point, is a four-year
coeducational federal service academy located in West Point, New York. The
academy, located in Orange County, sits on scenic high ground overlooking
the Hudson River, 50 miles (80 km) north of New York City. The Academy
traces its roots to 1801, when, shortly after his inauguration, President
Thomas Jefferson directed that plans be set in motion to establish at West
Point the United States Military Academy. The entire central campus is a
national landmark and home to scores of historic sites, buildings, and
monuments. The majority of the campus's Norman-style buildings are
constructed from gray and black granite. The campus is a popular tourist
destination complete with a large visitor center and the oldest museum in
the United States Army.
In 1801, shortly after his inauguration as president, Thomas Jefferson
directed that plans be set in motion to establish at West Point the United
States Military Academy. He selected Jonathan Williams to serve as its
first superintendent. Congress formally authorized the establishment and
funding of the school with the Military Peace Establishment Act of 1802,
which Jefferson signed on 16 March. The academy officially commenced
operations on 4 July 1802. The academy graduated Joseph Gardner Swift, its
first official graduate, in October 1802. He later returned as
Superintendent from 1812 to 1814. In its tumultuous early years, the
academy featured few standards for admission or length of study. Cadets
ranged in age from 10 years to 37 years and attended between 6 months to 6
years. The impending War of 1812 caused the United States Congress to
authorize a more formal system of education at the academy and increased
the size of the Corps of Cadets to 250.
* 'In 1817, Construction on the Erie Canal, in Rome, New York, begins. This
was a significant benefit to commercial transportation, since trains were
still in their infancy. It connected Lake Erie with the Hudson River. .
- From Wikipedia: 'The Erie Canal is a canal in New York that is part of
the east-west, cross-state route of the New York State Canal System
(formerly known as the New York State Barge Canal). Originally, it ran
about 363 miles (584 km) from Albany, on the Hudson River to Buffalo, at
Lake Erie. It was built to create a navigable water route from New York
City and the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes. First proposed in 1807, its
construction began in 1817. The canal has 36 locks and an elevation
differential of about 565 feet (172 m). It opened on October 26, 1825.
In a time when bulk goods were limited to pack animals (an eighth-ton
maximum), and there were no railways, water was the most cost-effective way
to ship bulk goods. The canal was the first transportation system between
the eastern seaboard (New York City) and the western interior (Great Lakes)
of the United States that did not require portage. It was faster than carts
pulled by draft animals, and cut transport costs by about 95%. The canal
fostered a population surge in western New York and opened regions farther
west to settlement. It was enlarged between 1834 and 1862. The canal's peak
year was 1855, when 33,000 commercial shipments took place. In 1918, the
western part of the canal was enlarged to become part of the New York State
Barge Canal, which ran parallel to the eastern half and extended to the
Hudson River.
In 2000, the United States Congress designated the Erie Canalway National
Heritage Corridor to recognize the national significance of the canal
system as the most successful and influential human-built waterway and one
of the most important works of civil engineering and construction in North
America. Mainly used by recreational watercraft since the retirement of the
last large commercial ship (rather than boat), the Day Peckinpaugh in 1994,
the canal saw a recovery in commercial traffic in 2008.
Construction began July 4, 1817, at Rome, New York. The first 15 miles (24
km), from Rome to Utica, opened in 1819. At that rate the canal would not
be finished for 30 years. The main hold-ups were felling trees to clear a
path through virgin forest and moving excavated soil, which took longer
than expected, but the builders devised ways to solve these problems. To
fell a tree, they threw rope over the top branches and winched it down.
They pulled out the stumps with an innovative stump puller. A pair of huge
wheels were mounted loose on an axle. A large wheel, barely smaller than
the others, was fixed to the center of the axle. A chain was wrapped around
the axle and hooked to the stump. A rope was wrapped around the center
wheel and hooked to a team of oxen. The mechanical advantage (torque)
obtained ripped the stumps out of the soil. Soil to be moved was shoveled
into large wheelbarrows that were dumped into mule-pulled carts. Using a
scraper and a plow, a three-man team with oxen, horses, and mules could
build a mile in a year.
* 'In 1826, Thomas Jefferson, third president of the United States, dies
the same day as John Adams, second president of the United States, on the
fiftieth anniversary of the adoption of the United States Declaration of
Independence. .
- From Wikipedia: 'Thomas Jefferson (April 13 1743 – July 4, 1826) was an
American Founding Father who was the principal author of the Declaration of
Independence (1776). He was elected the second Vice President of the United
States (1797–1801), serving under John Adams and in 1800 was elected the
third President (1801–09). Jefferson was a proponent of democracy,
republicanism, and individual rights, which motivated American colonists to
break from Great Britain and form a new nation. He produced formative
documents and decisions at both the state and national level'.
- From Wikipedia: 'John Adams (October 30 1735 – July 4, 1826) was an
American lawyer, author, statesman, and diplomat. He served as the second
President of the United States (1797–1801), the first Vice President
(1789–97), and as a Founding Father was a leader of American independence
from Great Britain. Adams was a political theorist in the Age of
Enlightenment who promoted republicanism and a strong central government.
His innovative ideas were frequently published. He was also a dedicated
diarist and correspondent, particularly with his wife and key advisor
Abigail'.
* 'In 1831, Samuel Francis Smith writes My Country, 'Tis of Thee for the
Boston, Massachusetts July 4 festivities. .
- From Wikipedia: 'My Country, 'Tis of Thee, also known as America, is an
American patriotic song, whose lyrics were written by Samuel Francis Smith.
The melody used is the same as that of the national anthem of the United
Kingdom, God Save the Queen, arranged by Thomas Arne. The song served as
one of the de facto national anthems of the United States (along with songs
like Hail, Columbia) before the adoption of The Star-Spangled Banner as the
official anthem in 1931.
Samuel Francis Smith wrote the lyrics to My Country 'Tis of Thee in 1831,
while a student at the Andover Theological Seminary in Andover,
Massachusetts. His friend Lowell Mason had asked him to translate the
lyrics in some German school songbooks or to write new lyrics. A melody in
Muzio Clementi's Symphony No. 3 (also called 'The Great National' and
contains the melody of 'God Save the Queen' as a tribute to Clementi's
adopted country) caught his attention. Rather than translating the lyrics
from German, Smith wrote his own American patriotic hymn to the melody,
completing the lyrics in thirty minutes.
Smith gave Mason the lyrics he had written and the song was first performed
in public on July 4, 1831, at a children's Independence Day celebration at
Park Street Church in Boston. First publication of ";America"; was in
1832'.
* 'In 1837, Grand Junction Railway, the world's first long-distance
railway, opens between Birmingham and Liverpool. .
- From Wikipedia: 'The Grand Junction Railway (GJR) was an early railway
company in the United Kingdom, which existed between 1833 and 1846 when it
was amalgamated with other railways to form the London and North Western
Railway. The line built by the company was the first trunk railway to be
completed in England, and arguably the world's first long-distance railway
with steam traction.
Presently, the lines which comprised the GJR form the central section of
the West Coast Main Line'.
* 'In 1886, The people of France offer the Statue of Liberty to the people
of the United States. It's erection would have to wait until the pedestal
was funded and erected in the U.S. .
- From Wikipedia: 'The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World
French: La Liberté éclairant le monde) is a colossal neoclassical sculpture
on Liberty Island in New York Harbor in New York City, in the United
States. The copper statue, designed by Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, a French
sculptor, was built by Gustave Eiffel and dedicated on October 28, 1886. It
was a gift to the United States from the people of France. The statue is of
a robed female figure representing Libertas, the Roman goddess, who bears a
torch and a tabula ansata (a tablet evoking the law) upon which is
inscribed the date of the American Declaration of Independence, July 4,
1776. A broken chain lies at her feet. The statue is an icon of freedom and
of the United States, and was a welcoming sight to immigrants arriving from
abroad.
In a symbolic act, the first rivet placed into the skin, fixing a copper
plate onto the statue's big toe, was driven by United States Ambassador to
France Levi P. Morton. The skin was not, however, crafted in exact sequence
from low to high work proceeded on a number of segments simultaneously in a
manner often confusing to visitors. Some work was performed by
contractors—one of the fingers was made to Bartholdi's exacting
specifications by a coppersmith in the southern French town of Montauban.
By 1882, the statue was complete up to the waist, an event Barthodi
celebrated by inviting reporters to lunch on a platform built within the
statue. Laboulaye died in 1883. He was succeeded as chairman of the French
committee by Ferdinand de Lesseps, builder of the Suez Canal. The completed
statue was formally presented to Ambassador Morton at a ceremony in Paris
on July 4, 1884, and de Lesseps announced that the French government had
agreed to pay for its transport to New York. The statue remained intact in
Paris pending sufficient progress on the pedestal by January 1885, this had
occurred and the statue was disassembled and crated for its ocean voyage'.
* 'In 1895, Katherine Lee Bates publishes 'America the Beautiful'. .
- From Wikipedia: 'America the Beautiful is an American patriotic song. The
lyrics were written by Katharine Lee Bates, and the music was composed by
church organist and choirmaster Samuel A. Ward.
Bates originally wrote the words as a poem, Pikes Peak, first published in
the Fourth of July edition of the church periodical The Congregationalist
in 1895. At that time, the poem was titled America for publication.
Ward had originally written the music, Materna, for the hymn O Mother dear,
Jerusalem in 1882, though it was not first published until 1892. Ward's
music combined with the Bates poem was first published in 1910 and titled
America the Beautiful'.
* 'In 1939, A dying Lou Gehrig told 60,000 fans that he was the luckiest
man on the face of the earth. .
- From Wikipedia: 'Henry Louis Lou or Buster Gehrig (Born Heinrich Ludwig
Gehrig June 19, 1903 – June 2, 1941) was an American baseball first baseman
who played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York
Yankees, from 1923 through 1939. Gehrig was renowned for his prowess as a
hitter and for his durability, a trait that earned him his nickname The
Iron Horse He was an All-Star seven consecutive times, a Triple Crown
winner once, an American League (AL) Most Valuable Player twice, and a
member of six World Series champion teams. He had a career .340 batting
average, .632 slugging average, and a .447 on base average. He hit 493 home
runs and had 1,995 runs batted in (RBI). In 1939, he was elected to the
Baseball Hall of Fame and was the first MLB player to have his uniform
number (4) retired by a team.
On June 21, 1939, the New York Yankees announced Gehrig's retirement. The
doctors of the Mayo Clinic had released his ALS diagnosis to the public on
June 19. There was then a public push to honor Gehrig. The idea of an
appreciation day reportedly began with Bill Hirsch, a friend of sports
columnist Bill Corum. Corum spoke of the idea in his column, and other
sportswriters picked up on the idea, promoting it far and wide in their
respective periodicals. Someone suggested the appreciation day be held
during the All-Star Game, but when Yankees owner Ed Barrow got a hold of
the idea, he quickly shot down the All-Star Game suggestion. He didn't want
Gehrig to share the spotlight with any other all-star. Believing the idea
was valid and the best thing to do, he wanted the appreciation day to be
soon, and the Yankees proclaimed July 4, 1939, Lou Gehrig Appreciation Day
at Yankee Stadium. Between games of the Independence Day doubleheader
against the Washington Senators, the poignant ceremonies were held on the
diamond. In its coverage the following day, The New York Times said it was
perhaps as colorful and dramatic a pageant as ever was enacted on a
baseball field 61,808 fans thundered a hail and farewell. Dignitaries
extolled the dying slugger and the members of the 1927 Yankees World Series
team, known as Murderer's Row, attended the ceremonies. New York Mayor
Fiorello La Guardia called Gehrig the greatest prototype of good
sportsmanship and citizenship and Postmaster General James Farley concluded
his speech by predicting, For generations to come, boys who play baseball
will point with pride to your record.";'.
* 'In 1950, Radio Free Europe first broadcasts. .
- From Wikipedia: 'Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) is a US-state
funded broadcasting organization that provides news, information, and
analysis to countries in Eastern Europe, Central Asia and the Middle East
where the free flow of information is either banned by government
authorities or not fully developed RFE/RL is a 501(c)(3) corporation that
receives U.S. government funding and is supervised by the Broadcasting
Board of Governors, an agency overseeing all U.S. federal government
international broadcasting services.
In January 1950 the NCFE obtained a transmitter base at Lampertheim, West
Germany and on July 4 of the same year RFE completed its first broadcast
aimed at Czechoslovakia. In late 1950, RFE began to assemble a full-fledged
foreign broadcast staff, becoming more than a mouthpiece for exiles Teams
of journalists were hired for each language service and an elaborate system
of intelligence gathering provided up-to-date broadcast material. Most of
this material came from a network of well-connected émigrés and interviews
with travelers and defectors. RFE did not use paid agents inside the Iron
Curtain and based its bureaus in regions popular with exiles. RFE also
extensively monitored Communist bloc publications and radio services,
creating an impressive body of information that would later serve as a
resource for organizations across the world'.
* 'In 1956, Independence National Historical Park forms in Philadelphia. .
- From Wikipedia: 'Independence National Historical Park is a United States
National Park in Philadelphia that preserves several sites associated with
the American Revolution and the nation's founding history. Administered by
the National Park Service, the 55-acre (22 ha) park comprises much of
Philadelphia's most-visited historic district. The park has been nicknamed
America's most historic square mile because of its abundance of historic
landmarks, and the park sites are located within the Old City and Society
Hill neighborhoods of Philadelphia.
The centerpiece of the park is Independence Hall, a UNESCO World Heritage
Site, where the Declaration of Independence and the United States
Constitution were debated and adopted in the late 18th century.
Independence Hall was the principal meetinghouse of the Second Continental
Congress from 1775 to 1783 and the Constitutional Convention in the summer
of 1787. Across the street from Independence Hall, the Liberty Bell, an
iconic symbol of American independence, is displayed in the Liberty Bell
Center. The park contains other historic buildings, such as the First Bank
of the United States, the first bank chartered by the United States
Congress, and the Second Bank of the United States, which had its charter
renewal vetoed by President Andrew Jackson as part of the Bank War.
Carpenters' Hall, the site of the First Continental Congress, is located on
Park property as well, however the building is privately owned and
operated. It also contains City Tavern, a recreated colonial tavern, which
was the favorite of the delegates, and John Adams felt was the finest
tavern in all America.
Most of the park's historic structures are located in the vicinity of the
four landscaped blocks between Chestnut, Walnut, 2nd, and 6th streets. The
park also contains Franklin Court, the site of a museum dedicated to
Benjamin Franklin and the United States Postal Service Museum. An
additional three blocks directly north of Independence Hall, collectively
known as Independence Mall, contain the Liberty Bell Center, National
Constitution Center, Independence Visitor Center, and the former site of
the President's House.
The park can be reached by taking SEPTA's Market-Frankford Line to the 5th
street station'.
* 'In 1960, Due to the post-Independence Day admission of Hawaii as the
50th U.S. state on August 21, 1959, the 50-star flag of the United States
debuts in Philadelphia, almost ten and a half months later. .
- From Wikipedia: 'On April 4, 1818, a plan was passed by Congress at the
suggestion of U.S. Naval Captain Samuel C. Reid in which the flag was
changed to have 20 stars, with a new star to be added when each new state
was admitted, but the number of stripes would be reduced to 13 so as to
honor the original colonies. The act specified that new flag designs should
become official on the first July 4 (Independence Day) following admission
of one or more new states. The most recent change, from 49 stars to 50,
occurred in 1960 when the present design was chosen, after Hawaii gained
statehood in August 1959. Before that, the admission of Alaska in January
1959 prompted the debut of a short-lived 49-star flag.
Prior to the adoption of the 48-star flag in 1912, there was no official
arrangement of the stars in the canton, although the U.S. Army and U.S.
Navy used standardized designs. Throughout the 19th century there was an
abundance of different star patterns, rectangular and circular.
On July 4, 2007, the 50-star flag became the version of the flag in longest
use, surpassing the 48-star flag that was used from 1912 to 1959'.
* 'In 1964, Beachboys' 'I Get Around' reaches #1. .
- From Wikipedia: 'I Get Around is a song written by Brian Wilson and Mike
Love for American rock band the Beach Boys. It was released as a single in
May 1964 with Don’t Worry Baby as its B-side and became the group's first
number-one charting song in the United States. In the United Kingdom, it
charted at number seven and was the band's first top ten single there. It
was included as the opening track on their studio album All Summer Long in
July 1964.
An autobiographical narrative, I Get Around begins with a multi-part a
cappella introduction that quickly shifts into rock-style verses sung by
Mike Love and a pop chorus sung in falsetto by Brian Wilson, who also
produced and arranged the song. During its recording session, Wilson's
father Murry was relieved of his duties as the group's manager.
In 2004, it was ranked at #316 in Rolling Stone magazine's list of The 500
Greatest Songs of All Time'.
From Wikipedia: 'American Top 40 (commonly abbreviated to AT40) is an internationally syndicated, independent song countdown radio program created by Casey Kasem, Don Bustany, Tom Rounds and Ron Jacobs. The program is hosted by Ryan Seacrest, who took over the program from Kasem upon his 2004 departure. It is currently presented as an adjunct to Seacrest's weekday radio program, On Air with Ryan Seacrest.
l as on Xbox 360 and Xbox One consoles.
Co-creator Casey Kasem hosted the original AT40 from its inauguration on July 4, 1970 until August 6, 1988 and returned to host the revived version from March 28, 1998 to January 3, 2004 (for much of the interim, he hosted the competing Casey's Top 40). AT40's other two regular hosts have been Shadoe Stevens, who replaced Kasem on the original AT40 and hosted until its 1995 cancellation, and the aforementioned Ryan Seacrest. Currently, AT40 with Seacrest airs in two different formats, with one distributed t
o Contemporary Hit Radio (Top 40) stations and the other to Hot Adult Contemporary stations. There is no differentiation between the Top 40 and Hot AC versions of AT40 made on air. Kasem is still heard in two weekly replays of vintage shows from the 1970s and 1980s, respectively'.
* 'In 1970, Casey Kasem's 'American Top 40' debuts on LA radio. .
* 'In 1971, College student Michael Hart creates the first digital book
when he types the Declaration of Independence into a computer at the
University of Illinois. .
- From Wikipedia: 'Michael Stern Hart (March 8, 1947 – September 6, 2011)
was an American author, best known as the inventor of the e-book and the
founder of Project Gutenberg (PG), the first project to make e-books freely
available via the Internet. He published e-books years before the Internet
existed via the ARPANET, and later on BBS networks and Gopher servers.
Hart devoted his life after founding PG in 1971 to digitizing and
distributing literature from works in the public domain with free and
expired copyrights. The first e-books were typed in plain text format and
published as text files other formats were made available later. Hart typed
most of the early e-books himself later, volunteers expanded the project.
During Hart's time at the University of Illinois, the computer center gave
Hart a user's account on its computer system Hart's brother's best friend
was the mainframe operator and gave an account with a virtually unlimited
amount of computer time its value at that time has since been variously
estimated at $100,000 or $100,000,000. Although the focus of computer use
there tended to be data processing, Hart was aware that it was connected to
a network (part of what would become the Internet) and chose to use his
computer time for information distribution. Hart related that after his
account was created on July 4, 1971, he wanted to give back by doing
something that could be considered to be of great value and had had a copy
of the United States Declaration of Independence, which he had been given
at a grocery store after watching fireworks that evening. He typed the text
into the computer but was told that it would be unacceptable to transmit it
to numerous people at once via e-mail. Thus, to avoid crashing the e-mail
system, he made the e-text available for people to download'.
* 'In 1997, NASA's Pathfinder space probe lands on the surface of Mars,
with the Sojourner rover. .
- From Wikipedia: 'Mars Pathfinder (MESUR Pathfinder) is an American
robotic spacecraft that landed a base station with a roving probe on Mars
in 1997. It consisted of a lander, renamed the Carl Sagan Memorial Station,
and a lightweight (10.6 kg/23 lb) wheeled robotic Mars rover named
Sojourner, which became the first rover to operate outside the Earth-Moon
system.
Launched on December 4, 1996 by NASA aboard a Delta II booster a month
after the Mars Global Surveyor was launched, it landed on July 4, 1997 on
Mars's Ares Vallis, in a region called Chryse Planitia in the Oxia Palus
quadrangle. The lander then opened, exposing the rover which conducted many
experiments on the Martian surface. The mission carried a series of
scientific instruments to analyze the Martian atmosphere, climate, geology
and the composition of its rocks and soil. It was the second project from
NASA's Discovery Program, which promotes the use of low-cost spacecraft and
frequent launches under the motto cheaper, faster and better promoted by
the then administrator, Daniel Goldin. The mission was directed by the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), a division of the California Institute of
Technology, responsible for NASA's Mars Exploration Program. The project
manager was JPL's Tony Spear.
This mission was the first of a series of missions to Mars that included
rovers, and was the first successful lander since the two Vikings landed on
the red planet in 1976. Although the Soviet Union successfully sent rovers
to the Moon as part of the Lunokhod program in the 1970s, its attempts to
use rovers in its Mars program failed.
In addition to scientific objectives, the Mars Pathfinder mission was also
a proof-of-concept for various technologies, such as airbag-mediated
touchdown and automated obstacle avoidance, both later exploited by the
Mars Exploration Rover mission. The Mars Pathfinder was also remarkable for
its extremely low cost relative to other unmanned space missions to Mars.
Originally, the mission was conceived as the first of the Mars
Environmental Survey (MESUR) program'.
* 'In 2004, The cornerstone of the Freedom Tower is laid on World Trade
Center site in NY. .
- From Wikipedia: 'One World Trade Center (also known as the Freedom Tower,
1 World Trade Center, One WTC and 1 WTC) is the main building of the
rebuilt World Trade Center complex in Lower Manhattan, New York City. It is
the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere, and the sixth-tallest in
the world. The supertall structure has the same name as the North Tower of
the original World Trade Center, which was completely destroyed in the
terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. The new skyscraper stands on the
northwest corner of the 16-acre (6.5 ha) World Trade Center site, on the
site of the original 6 World Trade Center. The building is bounded by West
Street to the west, Vesey Street to the north, Fulton Street to the south,
and Washington Street to the east.
The building's architect was David Childs, whose firm Skidmore, Owings and
Merrill (SOM) also designed the Burj Khalifa and the Willis Tower. The
construction of below-ground utility relocations, footings, and foundations
for the new building began on April 27, 2006. One World Trade Center became
the tallest structure in New York City on April 30, 2012, when it surpassed
the height of the Empire State Building. The tower's steel structure was
topped out on August 30, 2012. On May 10, 2013, the final component of the
skyscraper's spire was installed, making the building, including its spire,
reach a total height of 1,776 feet (541 m). Its height in feet is a
deliberate reference to the year when the United States Declaration of
Independence was signed. The building opened on November 3, 2014.
On March 30, 2009, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ)
confirmed that the building would be officially known by its legal name of
One World Trade Center, rather than its colloquial name of Freedom Tower
The building is 104 standard floors high, but the tower has only 94 actual
stories.
The new World Trade Center complex will eventually include five high-rise
office buildings built along Greenwich Street, as well as the National
September 11 Memorial and Museum, located just south of One World Trade
Center where the original Twin Towers stood. The construction of the new
building is part of an effort to memorialize and rebuild following the
destruction of the original World Trade Center complex'.
* 'In 2005, The Deep Impact collider hits the comet Tempel 1. .
- From Wikipedia: 'Deep Impact was a NASA space probe launched from Cape
Canaveral Air Force Station at 18:47 UTC on January 12, 2005. It was
designed to study the interior composition of the comet Tempel 1
(9P/Tempel), by releasing an impactor into the comet. At 05:52 UTC on July
4, 2005, the impactor successfully collided with the comet's nucleus. The
impact excavated debris from the interior of the nucleus, forming an impact
crater. Photographs taken by the spacecraft showed the comet to be more
dusty and less icy than had been expected. The impact generated an
unexpectedly large and bright dust cloud, obscuring the view of the impact
crater.
Previous space missions to comets, such as Giotto and Stardust, were fly-by
missions. These missions were able to photograph and examine only the
surfaces of cometary nuclei, and even then from considerable distances. The
Deep Impact mission was the first to eject material from a comet's surface,
and the mission garnered large publicity from the media, international
scientists, and amateur astronomers.
Upon the completion of its primary mission, proposals were made to further
utilize the spacecraft. Consequently, Deep Impact flew by Earth on December
31, 2007 on its way to an extended mission, designated EPOXI, with a dual
purpose to study extrasolar planets and comet Hartley 2 (103P/Hartley)'.
No. 1 song
Top movie
Monthly holiday / awareness days in July
Food
National Blueberries Month
National Grilling Month
National Honey Month
National Ice Cream Month
National Horseradish Month
National Hot Dog Month
Wheat Month
Health
Alopecia Month for Women
Bereaved Parents Awareness Month
Eye Injury Prevention Month
Hemochromatosis Screening Awareness Month
International Group B Strep Awareness Month
International Women with Alopecia Month
International Zine Month
Juvenille Arthritis Awareness Month
National Black Family Month
National Cleft and Craniofacial Awareness and Prevention Month
National Cord Blood Awareness Month
National Minority Mental Health Awareness Month
Social Wellness Month
Animal / Pets
National 'Doghouse Repairs' Month
Other
Bioterrorism/Disaster Education and Awareness Month
Cell Phone Courtesy Month
Family Golf Month
Independent Retailer Month
National Child-Centered Divorce Month
National Make A Difference to Children Month
National Parks and Recreation Month
National Vacation Rental Month
Smart Irrigation Month
Tour de France Month
Women's Motorcycle Month
July is:
July origin (from Wikipedia): Named by the Roman Senate in honor of Julius Caesar.
"is the seventh month of the year (between June
and August) in the Julian and Gregorian Calendars and one of seven months
with the length of 31 days. It was named by the Roman Senate in honor of
the Roman general, Julius Caesar, it being the month of his birth. Prior
to that, it was called Quintilis. It is, on average, the warmest month in
most of the Northern hemisphere (where it is the second month of summer)
and the coldest month in much of the Southern hemisphere (where it
is the second month of winter). The second half of the year commences in
July. In the Southern hemisphere, July is the seasonal equivalent of
January in the Northern hemisphere."
July at Wikipedia: More
If you couldn't afford 90 cents for a movie ticket, 50 years ago,
or your 45 RPM record player was broke, you might watch one of these shows on TV.
From this Wikipedia article: More
Best selling books of 1966 More
Sites for downloading or reading free Public Domain eBooks. Available in various formats. More